Self-Determination Theory
The Three Pillars of SDT
Autonomy
"Autonomy concerns a sense of initiative and ownership in one’s actions. It is supported by experiences of interest and value and undermined by experiences of being externally controlled, whether by rewards or punishment" (Deci & Ryan, 2020, p.1).
Competence
"Competence concerns the feeling of mastery, a sense that one can succeed and grow. The need for competence is best satisfied within well-structured environments that afford optimal challenges, positive feedback, and opportunities for growth"Â (Deci & Ryan, 2020, p.1).
Relatedness
"Relatedness concerns a sense of belonging and connection. It is facilitated by conveyance of respect and caring. Thwarting of any of these three basic needs is seen as damaging to motivation and wellness"Â (Deci & Ryan, 2020, p.1).
SDT in Project-Based Math
Autonomy
Project-based learning encourage students to take ownership of their own learning. This happens through project choice, self-pacing, and executive functioning skills that help students manage their time.Â
Competence
Project-based learning encourages students to push themselves academically while also providing scaffolding to differentiate learning for students with varied needs.Â
Relatedness
Project-based learning gives students opportunities to connect their personal experiences to what they learn in class. It reduces the misconception that "real-world connections" are just a classroom concept, helping students see that their classroom is the real world.Â